A Conceptual Model of Critical Thinking in Islamic Sources

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Master’s degree, Higher Education institute of Ethics and Education, Qom, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor of psychology, Mustafa International University, Qom, Iran.

10.22034/qve.2025.10015

Abstract

This study aims to develop a conceptual model of critical thinking based on Islamic sources. The research employs qualitative content analysis of religious texts (Shujaei, 2020), a method used to derive psychological insights from Islamic teachings. To achieve this objective, relevant concepts and propositions related to critical thinking were collected from Islamic sources. The gathered texts underwent pre-processing for analysis. Next, inferential content from each proposition was recorded on a structured form. To ensure validity, the findings were evaluated by 13 experts, who expressed their opinions on the interpretations of Quranic verses and hadiths using a four-point Likert scale ranging from "strongly agree" to "strongly disagree." Based on expert feedback, two validity indices—Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI)—were calculated. After applying the specified criteria and analyzing the results, 11 key components of critical thinking were identified: Use of Reliable Sources, Clear and Coherent Explanation, Logical Evaluation of Ideas, Evidence, and Claims, Scientific Approach, Open-Mindedness, Foresight and Consideration of Consequences, Reasoning and Rational Argumentation, Comprehensive Analysis, Inquiry and Questioning, Reflective Thinking and Avoidance of Hasty Judgments. Finally, a conceptual model of critical thinking was developed using these components, and the final report was compiled.

Keywords

References

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  • Receive Date: 13 July 2024
  • Revise Date: 15 August 2024
  • Accept Date: 27 January 2025

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