Quran-Based Conceptual Model Analysis of the Cognitive Component of 'Attention' with Emphasis on William Glasser's Choice Theory

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD Candidate, Department of Quranic Sciences and Hadith, Arak University, Arak, Iran

2 Professor, Faculty Member, Department of Theology, Arak University, Arak, Iran

3 Professor, Faculty Member, Department of Theology, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Department of Quranic Sciences and Hadith, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran, and Affiliated Faculty, Institute for Interdisciplinary Quranic Studies, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

5 Associate Professor, Faculty Member, Arak University, Arak, Iran

Abstract

Objective: Information processing in the human sensory system is essential; however, evaluating all incoming information within limited cognitive capacity is impossible. Consequently, individuals selectively process information of highest relevance to their immediate goals. This study aimed to formulate a Quran-based conceptual model of the cognitive component of the “attention” dimension with an emphasis on William Glasser's Choice Theory.
Method: The research employed a qualitative content analysis approach utilizing conventional and narrative content analysis techniques. Semantic analysis units were established across Quranic verses to extract passages pertaining to the cognitive dimension of attention, which were systematically evaluated against Glasser's Choice Theory and Toshihiko Izutsu's semantic methodology.
Findings: The study reveals that in the Quran, sustained attention corresponds with terms such as Wajh (directing the entire self toward God and upright religion), Dhikr (continuous remembrance encompassing obedience, heart's tranquility, prayer, Quranic contemplation, adopting righteous role models, and rejecting satanic footsteps), and Tabattul (exclusive devotion causing complete detachment from non-divine attachments). Selective attention is reflected in terms like Li-tasghā and Taṣaddā, which govern the cognitive recognition and voluntary choice of salvation or misery. Alternating attention was evaluated through Ya'dilūn, signifying cognitive recognition of truth followed by deliberate deviation. Finally, divided attention is depicted using the connective Wāw (wāw al-'aṭf) to signify the continuous execution of multiple divine mandates.
Conclusion: By elucidating diverse dimensions of attention, the Holy Quran presents a comprehensive framework for guiding cognitive processes and regulating human behavior. This Quranic model aligns seamlessly with Glasser's Choice Theory, providing an ontological foundation for enhancing human self-regulation and intentional choice.

Keywords

References

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  • Receive Date: 01 March 2026
  • Revise Date: 05 April 2026
  • Accept Date: 08 May 2026

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