Analysis of the Concept of Anomie in the Quran with Emphasis on Surah Al-Baqarah

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Graduate of the University of Quranic Sciences and Teachings [Corresponding Author]

2 Assistant Professor at the Educational and Research Institute of Imam Khomeini

3 Assistant Professor at the Research Institute of Seminary and University:

4 . Faculty Member at the University of Quranic Sciences and Teachings

Abstract

Anomie is among the macro concepts within social maladies, explaining one of the key factors contributing to the emergence of such issues. Anomie refers to a state where an individual loses the certainties of the past and collective conscience loses its ability to support and morally guide them. Understanding the factors behind social maladies plays a pivotal role in their prevention and remedy. The question arises whether the Quran, as the most important source of knowledge for Muslims, has paid attention to the concept of anomie within Islamic society. This research aims to elucidate the Quran's attention to the concept of anomie. Revealing the Quran's attention to this concept serves as a prelude to discussing the Quran's strategies to counter this state. The research methodology employs qualitative content analysis with a combined approach. Findings indicate that the factors leading to a state of anomie at the inception of the Islamic governance in Medina include: the scholarly authority of the People of the Book, their influences, the shift of the Qiblah, and the emergence of new converts to Islam. Among the manifestations of anomie reflected in the Quran are: the weakening of the credibility of beliefs, values, and Islamic norms, the formation of dual loyalties and awareness, individuals' confusion in choosing existing religious and moral systems, and their wavering commitment to Islamic beliefs, values, and norms.

Keywords

References

  1. Quran Karim (Translation of the Holy Quran): Translated by Mohammad Ali Rezaei Esfahani and A Group of Professors at Al-Mustafa International University, Al-Mustafa International University Publications, Qom: 2nd Edition, 1388 SH (2009 CE).
  2. Aron, Raymond, Marahel-e Asasi-ye Seer-e Andishe dar Jame'e Shinasi (Basic Stages of Intellectual Evolution in Sociology), Translated by Baqer Parham, 4th Edition, Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Publications, 1377 SH (1998 CE).
  3. Azadar-Makki, Taqi, Sharifi-Sa'ei, Mohammad Hussein, “Tabian-e Jame'shanakhti-ye Ravabet-e Jinsi-e Anomik dar Iran” (Sociological Explanation of Anomic Sexual Relationships in Iran), Khanvadeh Pazhuhi (Family Studies), Vol. 7, No. 28, pp. 435-462, 1390 SH (2011 CE).
  4. Bahrami, Seyyed Hashem, Al-Burhan fi Tafsir al-Quran (The Evidence in Quran Interpretation), Tehran: Mo'asseseh al-Ba'thah, 1415 AH (1995 CE).
  5. Burrell, Gibson, Morgan, Gareth, “Nazariyehaye Kalan-e Jame'e Shinakhti va Tajzieh va Tahliel-e Sazman” (Major Sociological Theories and Organizational Analysis), Translated by Mohammad Taqi Norozi, Tehran: SAMT and Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute, 1383 SH (2004 CE).
  6. Chelabi, Masoud, Jame'e Shinasi-e Nazm: Tashrih va Tahlile Nazari-ye Nazm-e Ejtmaei (Sociology of Order: Theoretical Analysis of Social Order), Tehran: Ney, 1375 SH (1996 CE).
  7. Cho, Ji Young, Eun-Hee Lee (2014), 'Reducing Confusion about Grounded Theory and Qualitative Content Analysis: Similarities and Differences', The Qualitative Report (19-64), pp. 1-20.
  8. Clinard, Marshall B., Robert F. Meier (2010), Sociology of Deviant Behavior, Belmont, CA, Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 14th
  9. Dehghanian, Hamid, Ulgoo-ye Ta’seer-e Anomi bar Sabkmandi Zendegi: Ba Takhayyol bar Modiriyat-e Badan (The Pattern of Anomie Effect on Lifestyle: Emphasizing Body Management), PhD Dissertation in Sociology, Qom: Research Institute of Seminary and University, 1400 SH (2021 CE).
  10. Durkheim, Emile, “Doganyegi Tabiat-e Bashar va Sharayete Ejtmaei An” (The Duality of Human Nature and Its Social Conditions), Translated by Masoud Golchin, Faslnameh-e Olum-e Ejtmaei (Allameh Tabataba'i University Social Sciences Journal), Vol. 6, No. 10, pp. 139-11, 1377 AH (1998 CE).
  11. Durkheim, Emile, Khodkoshi (Suicide), Translated by Nader Salarezadeh, Tehran: Allameh Tabataba'I University, 1378 SH (1999 CE).
  12. Fadlallah, Mohammad Hussein, Min Wahy al-Quran (From the Revelation of the Quran), Beirut: Dar al-Malak, 1419 AH (1998 CE).
  13. Forman, Jane, Laura Damschroder (2008), “Qualitative Content Analysis”, in Robert Baker and Wayne Shelton (eds.), Empirical Methods for Bioethics: A Primer (Advances in Bioethics 11), Oxford: Linacre House, Jordan Hill. pp. 39-62.
  14. Ibn Ashur, Mohammad bin Tahir, Al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir (Composing and Illuminating), Beirut: Mousasat al-Tarikh al-Arabi, 1420 AH (1999 CE).
  15. Kowsari, Masoud, “Anomie Ejtema'i va E'tiyad be Mavad-e Mokhaddar” (Social Anomie and Addiction to Narcotics), Addition Studies, Vol. 2, No. 5, pp. 13-30, 1382 SH (2003 CE).
  16. Makarem-Shirazi, Naser et al., Tafsir-e Namune (Exemplary Interpretation), Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islami, 1371 SH (1992 CE).
  17. Marja'i, Sayyed Hadi, “Sanjesh va Barresi-ye Ehsas-e Anomie dar Miyan-e Javanan” (Measurement and Examination of Anomie Among Youth), Motale'at-e Javanan (Youth Studies), No. 5, pp. 23-60, 1382 SH (2003 CE).

  18. Mehdianfar, Reza, the method of de-patterning negative figures in education from the perspective of the Qur'an, Quran and Science Journal, Volume 16, Number 31, March 2023

  19. McLaughlin, Eugene, John Muncie (eds.) (2001), Sage Dictionary of Criminology, London, Sage Publications.
  20. Modarresi, Sayyed Mohammad Taqi, Min Huda al-Quran (From the Guidance of the Quran), Tehran: Dar-e Mohebbi al-Hussein, 1419 AH (1998 CE).
  21. Mohseni-Tabrizi, Alireza, Salimi, Ali, “Tahlil-e Motevazi-ye Qiasi va Bahregiri az Amoozeh-haye Eslami dar Olum-e Ejtema'i” (Comparative Qualitative Analysis and Utilization of Islamic Teachings in Social Sciences), Ravanshenasi-ye Olum-e Ensan (Methodology of Human Sciences), Vol. 18, No. 72, pp. 135-158, 1391 SH (2012 CE).
  22. Moraghi, Ahmad bin Mustafa, Tafsir al-Moraghi (Moraghi's Interpretation), Beirut: Dar Ihya' al-Turath al-Arabi, 1366 SH (1987 CE).
  23. Ofoqi, Nader, Sadiqi, Abbas, “Motale'e Tatbighi Arzesh-ha va Hanjarha va Rabete Anha ba Anomi: Motale’e Mawridi Danishjuyan Khawabgahaye Danishgah Gilan (A Comparative Study of Values, Norms, and Their Relationship with Anomie: A Case Study of Students Residing in University Hostels in Gilan), Tahghighat Farhangi (Cultural Studies), No. 8, pp. 65-106, 1388 AH (2009 CE).
  24. Rafiepour, Faramarz, “Anomi ya Ashoftegi Ejtmaei: Pazhoheshi dar Zamine Potansial-e Anomi dar Shahr-e Tehran” (Anomie or Social Disruption: A Study on the Potential for Anomie in Tehran City), Tehran: Soroush, 1378 SH (1999 CE).

 

  1. Rajabzadeh, Ahmad, “Anomi-e Siyasi ba Tekye bar Nazar-e Shahrvandane Tehrani” (Political Anomie Based on the Views of Tehran Citizens), Nameh-e Olum-e Ejtmaei (Journal of Social Sciences), No. 21, pp. 319-348, 1382 SH (2003 CE).
  2. Rajabzadeh, Ahmad, Kowsari, Masoud, “Anomi-e Siyasi dar Andisheh-ye Durkheim” (Political Anomie in Durkheim's Thought), Olum-e Ejtmaei va Ensani (Social and Human Sciences of Shiraz University), No. 37, pp. 31-45, 1381 SH (2002 CE).
  3. Ritzer, George (ed.) (2007), The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology, Oxford, Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
  4. Robertson, John, “Dar'amdi bar Jame'e: Ba Ta’tid bar Naziyahaye Karkardgerai, Satiz wa Kunish Mutaqabil Nimadin (Introduction to Society: Emphasizing Theories of Functionalism, Conflict, and Symbolic Interactionism)”, Translated by Hussein Behravan, 2nd Edition, Mashhad: Astan-e Qods Razavi, 1374 SH (1995 CE).
  5. Rock, Paul (2001), 'Deviance'. in A. Kuper & J. Kuper (eds.), The Social Science Encyclopedia, New York, Routledge, 2nd, pp. 182-185.
  6. Safiri, Khadijeh, Ravesh-e Tahqiq Kefi (Qualitative Research Methodology), 2nd Edition, Tehran: Payam-e Poya, 1388 SH (2009 CE).
  7. Salimi, Ali, “Karbarde Tahlile Motaale'ye Kefi dar Estekhrage Tahlieleha-ye Ejtemai-ye Quran Karim: Gozarshi Tahlielee az Ravesh-e Yek Tahqiq” (The Application of Qualitative Content Analysis in Extracting Social Analyses from the Holy Quran: An Analytical Report of a Research Method), Ravanshenasi-ye Olum-e Ensan (Methodology of Humanities), Vol. 25, No. 97, pp. 75-99, 1397 SH (2018 CE).
  8. Salimi, Ali, “Payvandhay-e Ghodrat va Kajravi: Olgooye Talfiqi ba Asas Amozehaye Quran” (Power Links and Anomie: A Synthesized Model Based on Quranic Teachings), Eslam va Olum-e Ejtemai (Islam and Social Sciences), pp. 27-62, 1393 SH (2014 CE).
  9. Salimi, Ali, “Tahlil-ha-ye Sakhti va Tazad dar Nazariyyeh-ye Qurani-ye Kajravi: Bar Asas-e Aray-e Tafsiri-ye Shia” (Structural Analyses and Contradictions in the Quranic Theory of Anomie: Based on Shiite Interpretations)”, PhD Dissertation in Sociology, Cultural Theoretical Orientation, Qom: The Research Institute of Seminary and University, 1393 SH (2014 CE).
  10. Salimi, Ali, Abu Torabi, Mahmoud, Davari, Mohammad, “Hamneshini va Kajravi: Negahi be Didegah-haye Eslami va Yafteha-ye Ejtema'i” (Cohabitation and Anomie: An Examination of Islamic Perspectives and Societal Findings), Qom: The Research Institute of Seminary and University and Cultural –Social Department of the Municipality of Tehran, 1388 SH (2009 CE).
  11. Salimi, Ali, Davari, Mohammad, “Jame'e Shinasi-ye Kajravi: Majmoa’e Motele’at Kajravi va Kontrol Ejtemai; Ketab 1” (Anomie Sociology: Collection of Articles on Anomie and Social Control; Book No. 1), 2nd Edition, Version 2, Qom: The Research Institute of Seminary and University, 1387 SH (2008 CE).
  12. Sarajzadeh, Sayyed Hossein, Pouyafar, Mohammad Reza, “Din va Nazm-e Ejtemai: Barresi Rabete Dindari ba Ehsas-e Anomi va Kajarvi dar Miyan-e Nemoone'i az Daneshjuyan” (Religion and Social Order: Investigating the Relationship Between Religiosity, Anomie, and Deviance Among a Sample of Students), Majaleh Daneshkade Adabiat va Olum-e Ensani Daneshgah Tarbiat Moallem (Journal of Literature and Huminities Department of Teacher Education University), No. 63, pp. 71-106, 1387 AH (2008 CE).
  13. Sayyid bin Qutb bin Ibrahim Shadhili, Fi Zhillal al-Quran (In the Shade of the Quran), Beirut: Dar al-Shorouq, 1425 AH (2004 CE).
  14. Shoham, Shlomo Giora, Paul Knepper, Martin Kett (2010), International Handbook of Criminology, London, CRC Press.
  15. Tabatabai, Mohammad Hussein, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Quran (The Scale in Quran Interpretation), Beirut: Al-A’lami Institute for Publications, 1390 SH (1977 CE).
  16. Taleqani, Sayyed Mahmoud, Partooyi az Quran (A Ray from the Quran), Tehran: Enteshar Publications, 4th Edition, 1362 SH (1983 CE).
  17. Werzely, Peter, Nazm Ejtema'i dar Nazariyyeh-haye Jame'e Shinasi: Majmooa’h Ulum Ejtemai 4 (Social Order in Sociological Theories: Collection of Social Sciences No. 4), Translated by Saeed Ma'edfar, Tehran: Tebyan, 1378 SH (1999 CE).
  18. White, Robert, Heinz, Fiona, Jorm va Jormshenasi: Matn Darsi-ye Nazariyyeh-haye Jorm va Kajravi (Crime and Criminology: Textbook of Crime Theories and Anomie), Translated by Ali Salimi, Qom: The Research Institute of Seminary and University, 4th Edition, 1390 SH (2011 CE).
The Quran and Science
Volume 17, Issue 32 - Serial Number 32
September 2023
Pages 121-146

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 07 April 2022
  • Revise Date: 28 January 2023
  • Accept Date: 17 July 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics